The pelvis is a part of the body located in the lower abdomen and between the two hip bones. Did you know that pelvic anatomy in men and women is different? Check out the following review.
Human pelvis functions to support digestive and reproductive organs. In addition, the pelvis is also a connector between the upper and lower body. Although both have a pelvis, the anatomy of the female and male pelvis is slightly different.
Human Pelvic Anatomy
In general, human pelvic bones consist of hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx.
- Hip bones, consisting of three bones that fuse with age, namely:
-Ilum. The largest part of the pelvis is broad and fan-like. You can feel the curve of this bone when you put your hands on your hips.
-Pubis. Located in front of the hip bones close to the genital organs.
-Ischium. It's also called sitting bones because most of your weight is focused on this bone when you sit.
- The sacrum is a triangle-like bone or curve formed by 5 fused vertebrae. The sacrum is the base where the backbone merges.
- Under the sacrum there is a coccyx or coccyx which is the base of the backbone. The coccyx is in charge of maintaining balance when a person is in a sitting position. The coccyx also houses various ligaments, tendons, and some pelvic muscles.
Differences in Pelvic Anatomy of Women and Men
As mentioned at the beginning of the article, male and female pelvic anatomy has differences.
Anatomical forms of male pelvis have the following characteristics:
- Normal pelvic bone shape in men is called the android type.
- Its size is smaller, narrower, and taller than a woman's pelvis.
- Sacrum bone curves in men are slimmer.
- It covers the large intestine, bladder, testicles, penis and prostate.
Whereas female pelvic anatomy is characterized by:
- The most common form of hip bone in women is the gynecoid type. But there are also women who have an android pelvis or narrow pelvis.
- The pelvic cavity is oval, shallower and wider than a man's pelvis.
- Serves as a place of movement and provides sufficient space for fetal development. This cavity also functions as a baby's birth canal when it is born.
- Women's sacrum curves tend to be wider.
- It covers the vagina, cervix, or mouth of the uterus, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes or fallopian tubes, large intestine, bladder, and urinary tract.
Clinical Conditions Related to Pelvic Anatomy
There are several clinical conditions or diseases that can affect the pelvis, including:
Pelvic fracture (hip fracture)
Most hip fractures are caused by direct impact or impact through the femur. Pelvic fractures are often the result of motor vehicle accidents, especially motorcycle accidents. Pelvic fractures can also occur when falling from a height.
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Pelvic inflammation is caused by infection in the organs of the female reproductive system. One of the symptoms is pain in the lower abdomen and pelvic area. Pelvic inflammation can cause infertility problems or difficulty getting pregnant.
Pelvic organ prolapse
Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when the muscles in a woman's pelvis can no longer support the internal organs, such as the bladder, uterus, or rectum. As a result, one or more of these organs compress the vagina to cause a bulge. In more severe cases, the organ can even fall until it comes out of the vagina.
Endometriosis
Endometriosis occurs when the tissue lining the inner wall of the uterus (endometrium) begins to grow outside the uterus. Endometriosis can cause complications such as infertility or ovarian cancer.
Pelvic floor muscle disorders
The pelvic floor muscles are located between the coccyx and the pubic bone. This muscle is responsible for supporting the intestines, bladder, uterus and vagina. When the pelvic floor muscles weaken, the internal organs do not work fully and make the body unable to control the discharge of urine, feces, or gas (fart) properly.
This condition often causes several signs of symptoms such as constipation, urination or defecation feels incomplete, pain during urinating or defecating, and urinary incontinence or feces.
Pelvic Tumors
Pelvic tumors can occur in the cervix, uterus, tissue around the uterus (adnexa), intestine, bladder, urinary tract, muscles or bones. Usually a pelvic tumor can be detected as a mass or abnormal tissue in the pelvic area. This condition can be detected by pelvic physical examination and support such as ultrasound.
Understanding pelvic anatomy and its functions can be the first step for you to maintain pelvic health. Consult with your pelvis and consult a gynecologist if symptoms or complaints related to your pelvic area, such as pelvic pain or bleeding outside the menstrual period.
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